The two cities Mantua and Sabbioneta are an expression of the power and ambition of the Gonzaga family; Mantua transformations were made on an existing city, while Sabbioneta is the work of Vespasian Gonzaga, who founded it in 1556, on an ancient settlement, is one of the reference models of the ideal city proposed by Humanism. Surrounded by an environment of extraordinary natural value, Mantua, rich in art and history, was transformed by the Gonzaga family in a city of great splendor. Many artefacts are scattered throughout the city, starting with the famous Palace Ducale, a city within a city, and San Giorgio Castle. Among its treasures are the frescoes by Andrea Mantegna, with the famous “Camera Picta”, the Room of the Spouses, with cupids and walls built in honor of the spouses Louis and Barbara of Brandenburg. Now recognized in the list of most beautiful villages in Italy, Sabbioneta, it is often called Little Athens, having been built on the ancient model of the classical world cities. The target was to build an “ideal city” marked by art and culture. Today the city preserves the urban structure, surrounded by walls in a star shape with six points and the grid plan on the Roman camp scheme. Among the main attractions to be reported are the gates Imperial and of the Victory, the Gallery of the Ancient, the Teatro Olimpico designed by Vincenzo Scamozzi and decorated with frescoes by Paolo Veronese.